Microfinance plays important role in the women entrepreneurship in the developing countries as well as Sri Lanka. This study examined the effect of microfinance on the business performance of women entrepreneurs in Galgamuwa, Sri Lanka. The major problem of the study is whether there is an effect of microfinance factors on the business performance of women entrepreneurs in Galgamuwa, Sri Lanka. It has been observed that women entrepreneurs have been facing several problems, with the limited access to finance and the complex procedure of formal financial institutions, and the absent to overcome the barriers to uplift the women entrepreneur’s performance. So, the importance of microfinance as a financial tool for women entrepreneurs is highlighted here. This study specially examined the effect of microfinance credit, saving and training service on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Galgamuwa, Sri Lanka. Data were collected through structured questionnaire from a sample of 100 women entrepreneurs. The sample was chosen using a convenient sampling technique. Analyzing of the collected data done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences through reliability, correlation and regression analysis. Thereby it was revealed that microfinance have positive effect on performance of women entrepreneurs in Galgamuwa, Sri Lanka. The study concludes that microfinance factors significantly affect the business performance of women entrepreneurs in Galgmuwa, Sri Lanka. Thus, the study was only done based on Galgamuwa area which has not reflected the entire island. In addition, researcher was unable to address the decided sample size. Therefore, further researches should be focused on those aspects in order to improve the result.
Keywords: Business Performance, Women Entrepreneurs, Microfinance, Microfinance credit services, Microfinance training services

China's spectacular economic growth has a main explanation: after Mao's death the communist leadership took the road of market competition as way of innovation and economic growth. Leaders of the Chinese Communist Party wanted to change the economic regime without changing the political regime. They guessed that failures of Soviet and Eastern European regimes could be avoid if Party proved to be able to provide a better life for Chinese people. Communist Party leaders decided to use market competition and local institutional competition as engines of economic growth. They did not want to take the road of privatization but managers rights were separated from property rights and private enterprises were gradually allowed. The Socialism with Chinese Characteristics is a pragmatic and dynamic equilibrium between state control, competitive management of public assets and limited private initiative. Despite the rise of political corruption and social inequality, the approach has been successful so far. The élite has kept the power through a network of public and private managers hegemonized by the party. After the devastating disorder of the Cultural Revolution, order and harmony are again the core values of the Chinese political thought. Market society is now expected to be brought by Party State to full socialism in 2049 or later.

Domestic violence is an act of violence that occurs within a husband and wife or family relationship. Domestic violence is regulated in Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence. The problem in this study is how to harmonize Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence against legal protection efforts for victims of domestic violence in Indonesia. This type of research is normative-empirical research with descriptive research type. The problem approach used is the normative legal approach. The data used are primary data obtained by means of interviews, and secondary data obtained through literature studies such as literature books and scientific papers related to research problems. The results of this study are that the government provides legal protection efforts for victims of domestic violence in accordance with the applicable legal basis, namely Law Number 23 of 2004. Suggestions in this study are that the government and society can be more responsive in seeing cases of violence in the home households, in order to minimize the occurrence of acts of domestic violence.
Keywords: Harmonization, Legal Protection, Domestic Violence

This research is to examine after the enactment of Law Number 16 of 2019 (UUP), which increased the age of marriage to 19 years, had an impact on increasing DK applications. Spirit of law to prevent marriage at the age of the child often get in trouble with the occurrence pregnancy at the age of the child which requires soon marriage. The problem in this research is how is the marriage law in Indonesia and how problematics of the age limit for marriage in Indonesia.The research method used is normative juridical research method, with descriptive research type. The research approach uses a statute approach, which examines matters relating to legal principles, views and doctrine, as well as statute regulations. The data used are primary data obtained by means of interviews and secondary data obtained through literature studies such as literature books and scientific papers related to research problems which are analyzed qualitatively. The results of this study are that the age limit for marriage in Indonesia can be held and legalized and recorded by the state if it fulfills the provisions of UUPin Article 7 paragraph (1) UUP contains provisions for the age limit for someone who will enter into a marriage, namely “Marriage is only permitted if the man and woman have reached the age of 19 years old, and DK based on UUP can be submitted to the court with reason very urgent there is no other choice and very urgent soon marriage. Request submission DK must be accompanied supporting evidence sufficient like letter of statement reproduction health future bride and groom from health worker; and judge’s interpretation on the condition of pregnancy is an emergency for which there is no other choice so have yo do it soon marriage with consideration best interests of children an see the benefits.
Keywords: Problematics; Age Limit for Marriage.

This study examines the link between the aspects of science capital and the science achievement of Vietnamese students. Based on Vietnam's 2015 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) data, the study analyzes the influence of science capital on students' Science achievement through hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) at two levels, the student level and the school level. The research results show that based on the theoretical framework of social capital and science capital, a number of variables related to science capital in PISA cycle 2015 were identified, including Impact of Environmental Awareness, Enjoyment of science, Instrumental motivation to learn science, Self-efficacy in science, and Epistemological Beliefs.The results of the analysis of the models show that, except for the Instrumental motivation in learning science, the remaining factors all have a statistically significant influence. Out of a total of 60% of the school-level variance and 40% of the student-level variance in the Unconditional model, in the final model, a total of 25.4% of the variance was explained by the students' science capital characteristics, in which the within-field variance is 9.54%, the inter-field variance is 48.9%. Research results provide useful information for improving science capital and science achievement of Vietnamese students.
Keywords: PISA, PISA Vietnam, science capital, social capital, hierarchical linear models, HLM, Science achievement.

Ensuring the legitimate rights and interests of employees is one of the important principles of labor law. To ensure that principle, one of the important contents related to the income and life of tens of millions of employees and their families is the legal regulations on wages. Therefore, wages must reflect the value of employees' labor power (quality, productivity...), basically ensure the lives of employees and their families, and reproduce labor power. However, the current state of labor law still has many shortcomings that need to be improved. The article focuses on clarifying the current status of the law on wages in enterprises in Vietnam and proposes some recommendations.
Keywords: Salary, enterprises, employees, labor law.

The study of tax compliance has become an interesting research area over the last few years. How is the behavior of agricultural MSME in Lampung in responding and making decisions regarding the obligation to pay taxes is relatively limited. The research was conducted to determine the effect of tax sanctions, perceptions of fairness, and knowledge of taxation on taxpayer compliance of agricultural MSME in Bandar Lampung. These determinants have been proven and become arguments that affect taxpayer compliance. Several studies have tested these factors and found inconsistent results. This research was conducted to re-examine the effect of tax sanctions, perceptions of fairness, and knowledge of taxation on taxpayer compliance in agricultural sector MSME taxpayers. Respondents in this study were 64 MSME taxpayers in the agricultural sector in Bandar Lampung. The questionnaire was designed to measure research variables and was analyzed using multiple regression models. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant influence between tax sanctions, perceptions of fairness, and knowledge of taxation on taxpayer compliance.
Keywords: Compliance Perception; MSE Taxpayer; Agriculture

The study aims to apply the Fuzzy SERVQUAL method to measure and evaluate the gap between customers' expectations and actual perceptions of the service quality of commercial apartments in Hanoi. With the survey of 260 customers in Hanoi, The results show that the three lowest-ranked indicators of perceptions include RES2 (ranked 25th), SEC1 (ranked 24th), and REL2 (ranked 23rd). The Three lowest-ranked indicators of expectation include SEC1 (Ranked 25th, RES2 (ranked 24th), and REL2 (ranked 23rd). In addition, the research has also shown that ranking of the gap between customer perceptions and expectations shows that the response has the most significant gap; ranked second is assurance and third is the two dimensions include empathy and security.
Keywords: Fuzzy SERQUAL, Service quality , commercial apartment, Hanoi

The purpose of this study is to develop an H5P-assisted "Detective Story: Electrostatic Case' game learning medium on static electricity materials for class XII senior high school students that is valid and practically used in physics learning. The development of this media is carried out as a solution to student difficulties in the student process due to lack of interest in learning physics and the ability of some students who lack mastery of concepts, formulas and calculations. The type of research used is research and development (R&D) using the ADDIE model which consists of five stages, namely the analysis stage, the design stage, the development stage, the implementation stage and the evaluation stage. The data collection instrument is in the form of validation sheets provided by three validators and practicality instruments that were tested on a small scale at SMAN 1 Kabun, Rokan Hulu, Riau, Indonesia as many as 20 people. The data analysis technique is by calculating the validation assessment using the validity index of Aiken's V formula. by 0.93. In addition, learning media is also stated to be practically used by students from the aspects of convenience and design, satisfaction aspects and efficiency aspects with an average practicality value index of 72.63%.
Keywords: game learning media "Detective Story: Electrostatic case, H5P, Static Electricity

This research aims to produce google site-based interactive learning media using H5P on Global Warming Material that valid and verify the practicality. The type of research used is Research and Development (R&D) research with the ADDIE model. Google site-based interactive learning media developed through validation stages and practicality tests. The data was collected through a validation assessment sheet that was assessed by the validator. The results of validation of Google site-based interactive learning media are obtained on average >0.75 so that they can be declared valid. Furthermore, the Google site-based interactive learning media is tested for practicality. Data collection at the practicality test stage was obtained from a practicality questionnaire for the Google site-based interactive learning media consisting of 20 students as practitioners. The average score of practicality test results according to students was at a score of >85%. So that the google site-based interactive learning media using H5P on Global Warming Materialis declared practical.
Keywords: Google Site-Based, H5P, Validity Test, Practicallity Test

The aim of this research is to answer the following questions: 1). Had the Buna‟ people believed in God before the European misionaries came and taught or introduced the belief in the Lord or the Catholic religion in 1875? 2). How do the practices of the belief following the original religion of Piar Hot-Esen as well as the Christian Catholic religion and the unification of both religions happen? 3). The unification of both religions in the society of Buna‟ ethnic group has lasted for 147 years from 1875 until 2022. Will the unification last forever? Is it possible for one of both religions to become weak and disappear? In oder to gain the results of this research, the method applied was the research methodology of the qualitative descriptive method by using emic approach i.e. the method that is based on the data as found in the research field. The technique used for the data compilation was done by the means of observation and deep interview to the informants living in the research location namely Loonuna and Lutha Rato villages. Based on the result of the study, it is concluded that: Firstly, the people of Buna‟ ethnic group society had believed in God before the missionaries brought and proclaimed the belief to the Lord beginning from the year of 1875.Secondly, the unification of the original religion of Piar Hot-Esen (PHE) and the Catholic Christian Religion (CCR) happens because of many reasons, one of which is that there is not any contradiction between both religions. Thirdly, the unification of both religions occurs through some steps as presented in this study.
Keywords: unification, Piar Hot-Esen, Buna‟ ethnic group, Catholic Christian religion, Loonuna and Lutha Rato

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of incentives, motivation and job satisfaction on the performance of the Lubuk Kilangan District Head Office employees. This research is motivated by low job satisfaction, incentives that do not meet the needs, the existence of regulations that do not support work, low employee motivation, employees feel dissatisfied with the applicable regulations both related to the implementation of work and incentives, and low performance results. agencies and employees of the Lubuk Kilangan sub-district office.
Research method with quantitative approach with multiple linear regression method. Data collection techniques with questionnaires, observations and interviews. The respondents of this study were 48 employees of the Lubuk Kilangan sub-district office. The sampling method used the total sampling method where the entire population in this study was used as the research sample. Hypothesis testing was calculated using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 24.0 program.
The results of this study found that incentives have a significant effect on employee performance, work motivation has a significant effect on performance, job satisfaction has a significant effect on employee performance, from the ANOVA test obtained Fcount > Ftable or 6.305 > 3.180 with a significance level of 0.001 or 0.05, then incentives, work motivation and job satisfaction together have a significant effect on the performance of the Lubuk Kilangan District Office employees.
Keywords: incentives, motivation, work stress, employee performance

Abstract:Literary criticism theories have widely discussed literature's meaning, function, and aim. The question of ideology was always present in almost all views, including film theories. However, Marxism prevailed most whenever the discussion was about the means and ends of literature. Whether literature is considered a reinforcing, a subverting of a dominant ideology, or an aesthetic cultural factor, it still atrophies connotations of mass ideologizing. This paper tries to discuss how different literary theories would refer - directly or indirectly - to the role of literature in shaping and reshaping the common sense of the individual and society. For this purpose, some prominent theories are interwoven in the first part of this paper.Slaughter's interpretation of Marxism is scrutinized to depict how common sense is generated through the 'Marxianbase'.
Furthermore, Nichol's propounded interpretation of the power of knowledge to formulate ideologies is persuaded in literature. In the second part, previously discussed theories are treated through an empirical analysis through encountering the concept of love in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. This work of literature is intensely scrutinized to highlight the role of literature in the ideologization of society. Therefore, to address this paper's hypothesis about how the concept of love in the play is aesthetically used to ideologize readers.
Keywords: Ideology, Ideologization, Common Sense, Aesthetics, Dominating Knowledge

El derecho a la educación en México, ha tenido una evolución a través de las diversas reformas al artículo 3° de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, reformas que han sido trascendentales porque han determinado el rumbo del sistema educativo en nuestro país. Considerando el derecho a la educación uno de los derechos humanos que ha evolucionado, siendo motivo de grandes debates y análisis por parte de muchos teóricos del derecho a través del tiempo, las corrientes positivista e ius naturalista, han planteado desde su óptica la manera de hacer valer estos derechos y en ambas corrientes han encontrado que deben existir los mecanismos adecuados para que dichos derechos sean efectivos, esto es; que exista una garantía constitucional que permita la aplicación de estos. En el presente estudio se pretende analizar las reformas del derecho a la educación, sus resultados y las acciones que existen para tutelar este derecho humano. Se aplica un enfoque cualitativo utilizando la doctrina analítica y sociología jurídica. Se concluye que el Derecho humano a la Educación está garantizado por el estado en nuestra Carta Magna en cuanto al acceso que tienen todas las personas para que sus hijos asistan a clases, así como a través de los diversos instrumentos jurídicos, programas educativos y políticas públicas aplicadas en cada reforma. A tres años de la reforma no se han alcanzado resultados favorables, debido a factores externos como la pandemia, sin embargo, ante el planteamiento constitucional de hacer obligatoria la educación inicial y superior, el estado tiene una gran tarea y obligación de garantizar este derecho humano.
Keywords: Educación, Garantía Constitucional, Derechos humanos.

Eradication of corruption, not only law enforcement must be carried out but also efforts to approach the educational process need to be carried out, so that in the end anti-corruption values will be embedded in individuals. Anti-corruption education also needs to be instilled from an early age, considering that early childhood education is the basis for laying attitudes and determining the character of children in the future.
Anti-corruption education is an effort to improve political culture in the educational path to carry out sustainable cultural change (Helmanita & Kamil, 2006). Early childhood as an individual who needs educational stimulation needs to be given the knowledge, values, attitudes, and skills needed by children as a provision of knowledge in order to prevent corruption that will harm themselves and the surrounding environment.

The author of this article researched how media ethics problems are used in Vietnamese journalism. The paper considers the reasons leading to the moral weakness of journalists, thereby offering solutions to improve their morality and qualifications. The result of the research plays an essential role not only in journalism theory generally but also for current Vietnamese journalists in particular.
Keywords: social media, media ethics, vietnamese journalism, professional ethics

Traffic violations are a common phenomenon in big cities in developing countries, such as Indonesia. This problem is often associated with the increasing number of city residents which results in increasing activity and density on the highway. For traffic violations, motorists are subject to a ticket using a proof of violation or ticket. As time goes by, the ticket is now updated with a technology system called electronic traffic law enforcement (ETLE). ETLE is like a monitoring camera that provides information to the police if a violation occurs via the license plate of the offending vehicle. To avoid sanctions that will be recorded on the E-ticket application, the perpetrators use a method by removing the vehicle's number plate so that it is not visible and recorded on the E-ticket. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the application of the E-ticket program in dealing with traffic violations and to find out the law enforcement process against perpetrators who commit violations in the implementation of the E-ticket program in dealing with traffic violations. The research method used in this research is normative legal research which is carried out by examining norms or regulations in various studies based on theory and also legal concepts related to the issues studied. The approach taken uses a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Based on the results of the research, the effectiveness of implementing the ETLE program in dealing with traffic violations is indeed quite effective in its implementation, but there are indeed a number of things that need to be re-evaluated, especially regarding public knowledge, both from the technology used to the sanctions received.
Keywords: ETLE, effectiveness, and the law enforcement.

The bibliographic study compiled reference sources on the Impacts of COVID 19 on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) across the globe. The paper aims to fill a crucial knowledge gap in LIS literature due to paucity of bibliographic information sources on this topic. The methodological approach involved queries on scholarly databases such as Google Scholar, Google.com, web of science, iCatalogue, African Journal Online (AJOL), Sabinet, Emerald Insight, ProQuest, Scopus, JSTOR, Science direct, SAGE, EBSCOhost, Elsevier, Taylor and Francis, and Springer link, using the UKZN library online portal. The search strategy included the formulation of phrases, keywords and terms related to the topic. Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) were used to combine keywords to optimize retrievals. The outcome was the compilation of 447 bibliographic reference sources to aid researchers across the world with quick and reliable bibliographic reference sources to investigate the impacts of coronavirus pandemic on small and medium enterprises.
Keywords: Covid-19, small and medium-sized enterprises,pandemic

This article is an analysis of the translation and transmission of Bodhicaryāvatāra in the western countries, the author talks about both earlier and later translations of Bodhicaryāvatāra, the author further explores the translation and transmission of different versions including the two main English versions, two main French versions and two main Spanish versions, as well as their contributions to the Buddhist translation.
Keywords: Bodhicaryāvatāra; Śāntideva; translation; transmission; western countries

This study aims to see the effect of (1) Job Satisfaction on the Performance of the Sintuak Toboh Gadang Sub-District Office Employees (2) Work Discipline on the Performance of the Sintuak Toboh Gadang Sub-District Office Employees (3) Work Environment on the Performance of Sintuak Toboh Gadang Sub-District Office Employees (4) Job Satisfaction, Work Discipline and Work Environment have a joint effect on the Performance of the Sintuak Toboh Gadang Sub-District Office Employees.
The population in this study is allThere are 36 employees of the Sintuak Toboh Gadang sub-district office. And the technique of determining the number of samples taken as respondents using total sampling in Sugiyono (2017).
Results this study shows that (1) Job satisfaction has a positive significant effect on the performance of the Sintuak Toboh Gadang Sub-District Office Employees (2) Work Discipline has a positive influence on the performance of the Sintuak Toboh Gadang Sub-district Office Employees (3) Work environment have a positive influence on the performance of the Sintuak Toboh Gadang Sub-district Office Employees (4) Job Satisfaction, Work Discipline and Work Environment jointly have a positive effect on the performance of the Sintuak Toboh Gadang Sub-District Office Employees.
Keywords: Job Satisfaction, Work Discipline and Work Environment

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of an international security company‟s compensation strategy. Data was gathered through the use of questionnaires. The respondents (n=170) were employees of the security company, drawn from different management cadre and other staff, and rated variables for the study on a five-point Likert scale. This study found statistical support for all of the hypotheses, showing that a fair reward system leads to better performance from workers of thesecurity company in Nigeria and that this reflects maximally on workplace safety. The research suggests that companies should institute reward policies and practices that encourage and facilitate the attainment of organizational objectives.
Keywords: Intrinsic Motivation, Extrinsic Motivation, Safety, Security, Rewards

The outbreak and spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) has become a global public health problem. Young adults are facing significant life changes and challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic due to changes in the world of work, the process of finding work, pursuing higher education, and taking on new social responsibilities. Overall, perceived social support is a significant predictor of life satisfaction and negative affect. Among the five personality traits, extraversion and neuroticism were shown to have a consistent relationship with depressive symptoms. This study aims to examine the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms moderated by neurotic personality in people who are undergoing COVID-19 quarantine. This research is a quantitative research with moderation analysis method. Data collection used an online questionnaire, where the questionnaires used were CES-D, Neuroticism BFI, and MSPSS. The subjects of this study were 62 subjects who were undergoing quarantine for COVID-19. The results of this study are that neurotic personality can affect the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms in people who are undergoing COVID-19 quarantine.
Keywords: depression, grit, neuroticism

Pragmatics studies the meaning of words in context. This research aims to identify the directive speech acts performed in Encanto movie. Moreover, this study investigated how often the direct speech acts performed and which type of directive speech acts that are most frequently used in the movie in the dialogues of Madrigal’s family in Encanto movie. The theory of Yule (1996, p. 47) is used to analyze the data. Descriptive qualitative is used to describe the results of directive speech acts analyses. In research result is found 90 directive speech acts types in Madrigal family members dialogues. There are 28 dialogues contained commands, 35 dialogues contained orders, 10 dialogues contained requests, and 17 dialogues contained suggestions. Order is the kind of directive speech act that is most frequently found in Encanto movie because order is a type of directive which allows the listener to do something or refuses to do it. Order can sometimes also be used as a form of invitation.
Keywords: Dialogues, Directive, Speech Acts

Badiuzzaman Said Nursi (1876 -1960) and Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938), were two stars of the 20th century, who lit up the skies of religion, split the suffocating darkness, and spread the wings of mercy and knowledge over the whole world of Islam. Nursi, a scholar of the highest standing having studied not only all the traditional religious sciences but also modern science and earned the name Badiuzzaman, Wonder of the Age, in his youth as a result of his outstanding skill and knowledge, spent a life of commendable effort and self-sacrifice in the cause of Islam. Similarly, Iqbal, the poet-philosopher and one of the most distinguished and dominant figures of 20th century, who belonged to a generation that was exposed to modern education, is one of those great scholars who have left a legacy behind to be followed by other scholars.
Muslim Unity is the most important issue which concerns all Muslims, and it is not only a political issue. This Unity starts from the bonds and solidarity between two Muslims due to their brotherhood-in-faith and reaches mutual cooperation and assistance among all Muslims throughout the entire Islamic World. Nursi and Iqbal promoted Islamic Unity and tried to re-establish the concept of Islamic Ummah (community) among Muslims.
In this direction, this paper discusses the thoughts of Said Nursi and Allama Iqbal on Muslim Unity.

Homoeroticism is a set of practices or institutions that encompass same-sex desires through acts but involve no sexual activities. The friendship between the three main characters in Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray is one example of works that contain homoeroticism. This work became scandal in its era by serving as proof of his gross indecency and homosexual acts charged by the Victorian law that still criminalized homosexual practices. This concept and identification of homoeroticism in literary works departed from the awareness of sexual identity amidst Western society starting from 17th century in which sexual acts and identities were known as different entities. It had brought Western society to cultural, social, and juridical construction that criminalized homosexual practices. To this end, the distinction between sexual identities relied upon more than just genital and sexual intercourses, including verbal and physical acts, appearence, language, and friendship which include in homoeroticism. Through analysis by employing Queer theory and Expressive Approach and considering the Victorian era social context and establishment of gay literature, this current study found that homoeroticism aspects in the novel are the embodiment of Oscar Wilde’s homosexuality and homosexual association. The homoerotic forms such as physical acts, language, jealousy, bygone and worship, and failure in having a relationship with women are found in the novel. He expressed in such a vague way of homoerotic literary work rather than explicit homosexual relationships as for his notions of beauty and the oppression of the society and conviction of the law.
Keywords: Friendship, Homoeroticism, Expression, Perspective, Oppression

This study aims to describe the thought of Education according to Hamka and its relevance to the Muhammadiyah cadre system. This research is included in the category of qualitative literature research with content analysis. Data obtained by literature study using the documentation method. The research was conducted using a philosophical approach. The result is that Education in Hamka's view is an effort to grow human personality. So for Hamka to make educational efforts, humans have two main activities, namely thinking and working. Cadres have the same dimension as education, namely they both transfer values, both ideological and traditional "cultural heritage" which must be preserved. The relevance of Hamka's educational thinking is able to inspire the concept of Muhammadiyah cadre, which is oriented towards the growth and strengthening of the human person. The human personality includes reason, ideals, hopes, and physical form.
Keywords: Education, Thought of Hamka, Caderisation

The coincidence of similarities in the ceramic practice of Abbas Ahuwan and Magdalene Odundo has triggered this study. Emanating from literature, it is not strange how similarities could exist in the works of two different individuals from two different countries. Discoveries show that the duo had basic training of pottery/ceramics from the same institution and once upon a time, both of them where trained by the master potter, Michael Cardew. It is not certain if both ceramics artist have met before. The similarities between them is discovered not only in the area of their ceramics art but also in their career. Both have been in the academics and trained students in the area of ceramics, they rose through the ranks and became professors at different intervals. They both held vital managerial positions in the University level. Striking similarities emanating from literature show that the duo in their studios carry out traditional style of ceramics production (hand building), which is peculiar to African local technology in pottery. Both adopt the local firing technique (open air reduction firing) in finishing their art works and making it aesthetically appealing. Nevertheless, some peculiar differences were discovered and this is the point of their uniqueness. This study concludes that the duo of Abbas Ahuwan and Magdalene Odundo via the striking resemblances in their works have established a legacy of imbibing uniqueness of local tradition in terms of technology to promote indigenous art practice. Definitely, has gone a long way in encouraging upcoming ceramic artists to be indigenously unique in their practice.
Keywords: Connections and similarities, ceramic art, Abbas Ahuwan and Magdalene Odundo

The COVID-19 pandemic originated in Wuhan China and quickly spread all over the world through human-to-human transmission with global social and economic impacts. The fight against the pandemic encouraged the development of technology-based innovations to mitigate the spread of the virus and ease the social and economic effects. This paper explores the various Information Technology (IT) innovations (published in innovation.com website) in various sectors of the economy to alleviate the impacts the Corona Virus pandemic. In the health sector, virtual reality, Covid precheck app, artificial intelligence (AI) enhanced Covid test app, wireless biosensor patch, web-based telehealth services were the prominent technology innovations. In education, the use of online/virtual platform was key to delivering education in the wake of the pandemic crisis. In food and beverage sector, contactless menu, order, and payment using QR code were the solutions deployed to reduce personal contacts. Under electronics and robotics, social distancing apps, proximity augmented reality, virtual reality remote presence, virtual meeting tool such as zoom, and AI Covid cough detector app were part of the solutions developed in the fight against COVID-19. Moreover, technology-based innovations in other sectors of the economy reveal the impact of collective efforts in promoting personal and group responsibility in the global fight against a health emergency such as COVID-19.

The object of this research is active-passive clauses in Komering language. Komering language is one of the regional languages in the South Sumatra province in Indonesia. The linguistic corpus taken in this study is the Komering language which is located in East Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. The aim of this research is to know the form of active-passive clauses and markers in Komering language. The results of this research show that active constructions in Komering language have nasal- and passive di- markers. In addition, the passive with argument (A) has a passive form without a marker. Another marker found is the ke- passive marker. These markers appear in passive verbs that is increasing in form of valence degrees such as causative and applicative. Meanwhile, the ke-an confix passive markers also appear in the passive of Komering language. However, this type of passive cannot be turned into an active clause because it is not a derivation of an active clause.
Keywords: active, passive, marking, causative, applicative, Komering Language, diathesis.

Heavy metals as major components in water samples collected from Lake Njuwa in Adamawa State, Nigeria was analyzed from four point locations of the Lake to ascertain their levels which may make the water not safe for drinking and to suggest some recommendation to Government for further action. Data of water quality is prerequisite to maintaining good health for consumers. The metal elements determined were Ni, Cd, Fe, Zn, Co, Cr, Mn, Cu, K, and Na respectively, while physico-chemical parameters analyzed include; Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Solids (TS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). The pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were also determined. The mean concentrations in μg/l of the heavy metals in water ranged as follows; Ni (0.03 -0.62), Cd (0.04 – 0.50), Fe (10.1- 16.25), Zn (0.40 – 0.043), Co (ND – 0.10), Cr (1.88 – 3.38), Mn (ND – 0.10), Cu (0.15 – 0.40), K (18.5 – 47.5) and Na (16.5 – 48), respectively. The values recorded for Ni, Cd, Fe, Cr, Mn, Cu, K, and Na were higher than permissible limits for heavy metals of drinking water set by WHO /FEPA, but concentrations of Zn and Cu were below the levels recommended by WHO /FEPA, the study implies that the water may not be safe for drinking because of high levels of heavy metals.
Keywords: Heavy metals, Atomic absorption spectroscopy, physic-chemical, concentrates, Lake Njuwa.

The technology boom over the past two decades led to an increase in the use of technology at every level of our educational system. Although the internet is being utilized much more worldwide, there are groups in our society that still do not have easy and open access to the internet. The pandemic has had far-reaching effects on students in the education arena. Black and brown students have been severely affected due to many suffering from lack of sufficient technical and academic support.

This study aims to explain interactive teaching materials in exposition text learning about language politeness for class X students. The research method used is the development research method with the A-D-D-I-E Model, with 5 stages consisting of: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The data collection techniques used were through: observation, questionnaires, and interviews, aimed at linguists, material experts, and media experts, Indonesian language teachers teaching class X, class X students at SMA N 01 Gantar, SMK PGRI Gantar, MAN 3 Sukra, and MA Al Zaytun Mekar Jaya Indramayu. The teaching materials presented are in the form of a YouTube link which contains explanations of exposition text material and language politeness material according to the Qur'an and a Google Drive link for interactive slide files containing material and evaluation. The teaching materials used, after measuring the level of eligibility percentage, found the results: linguist validation of 94.11% with a very feasible category, material expert validation of 87.05% with a very feasible category, and media expert validation of 79.41% with decent category, assessment of 4 Indonesian language teachers, respectively: 86.76% in the very decent category, 91.17% in the very decent category, 77.94% in the decent category, and 83.82% in the very decent category. Based on the results of a questionnaire to students regarding the application of language politeness in daily activities, with the assignment method and mutual advice, it was found that 88% of the number of students said that it was necessary to speak politely. The skill of writing exposition texts for class X students was found to be 84.37% of the number of students who scored above the KKM. From the information above, it can be concluded that interactive teaching materials and language politeness task books are appropriate for use in teaching politeness-based exposition texts in Indonesian class X subjects.
Keywords: Teaching Materials, Exposition Text, Language Politeness

The current low student physics learning outcomes are because students tend to feel less interested and bored in learning physics because they consider physics to be a difficult subject to learn, and students assume that physics lessons have nothing to do with their daily lives. By because that innovation is needed learning media that could visualize, provide Theory, and give competence test. The results of the research on the application of learning media for games an Intel's science missions based on Borland Delpi 7 on static electricity by giving a post test were successful in improving students' cognitive learning outcomes, with an average score of 85 in the experimental class and included in the good category. Because by using learning media Game An Intel's Science Missions based on Borland Delphi 7 students are not only taught knowledge and concepts in static electricity material but also brought into their daily life and have their own experiences in finding answers in a game. Of course, with this, learning becomes more motivating for students and more fun to do. So From that it can be concluded from this research is a learning media Educational game-based is suitable for use in natural science subjects on static electricity, and is effectively used to increase results cognitive learning student.
Keywords: Learning Media, Game An Intel's Science Missions Based on Borland Delpi 7, Static Electricity, Cognitive Learning Outcomes

The purpose of this study was to obtain the design of the explanatory text printing module assisted by a quick response code (QR code) for SMA/SMK, the feasibility of the explanatory text printing module assisted by a quick response code (QR code) for SMA/SMK, and the results of the implementation of the explanatory text printing module assisted by a code. quick response (QR code) for SMA/SMK. This study uses a development model (research and development, R&D). The product of this research development is a print module assisted by a quick response code (QR code), which is suitable for use based on the results validated by material experts and media experts, namely material experts with an average score of 3.5 (good) and media experts with an average score of 3. .5 (good). The results showed that the design of explanatory text printing modules assisted by quick response codes (QR codes) was feasible to use based on the results of responses from educators and students. Educators obtained an average value of 3.7 with the "good" criteria. While the responses of students were 46.23% of students who answered very well, 49.00% of students answered well, 4.77% of students answered less. The results of the implementation of the print module assisted by the quick response code (QR code) show that there is a difference in the pretest and posttest results, namely the pretest obtained an average score of 60 and the posttest results obtained an average value of 75, with an increase in score of 15 and a difference in pretest and posttest results of 14. This shows that there is an influence from the implementation of the explanatory text printing module assisted by quick response codes (QR codes) on student learning outcomes.
Keywords: Module, quick response code (QR code), explanatory text

In this paper, we will discuss some aspects related to the learning difficulties presented by students in the context of (experience) in the education of both sciences and biology. The perspective of the Biology of Cognition of Maturana and Varela, and the double birth of Savater, allow us to elaborate an explanation of our human nature that is both biological and cultural. As human beings, we respond to various environmental stimuli by keeping our autopoiesis according to the functioning of our nervous system, allowing in this way, we learn to learn. Parents and teachers often easily identify some sensory dysfunctions, however, other malfunctions generate learning difficulties and other difficulties of various natures in the school context, and thus the guiding question that drives this text ishow, from the knowledge and understanding of our biological and cultural nature can we drive the teaching of Sciences and biology?
Keywords: Biology of Knowledge, Teaching and Learning, Sensory Systems, Learning disabilities, Autopoiesis.

The cathartic function of ancient Greek drama has been emphasized by Aristotle himself and has been interpreted by several modern researchers. He, in fact, argued that the ancient tragedy comes from the improvisations of the leaders of the dithyrambs, i.e. the hymns composed in honor of the god Dionysus. In this context, dance, which was an important part of both hymns and ancient tragedy, seems to have had a distinct role in the cathartic function of the latter. The purpose of the present study was to highlight the therapeutic function of dance in ancient Greek drama. From the study of the relevant sources (primary and secondary) it emerged that ancient tragedy functioned as a systemic method of psychotherapy, on the basis of which healing was achieved at the individual, family, social and political levels. More specifically, the therapeutic function of dance in ancient tragedy was primarily based on its close connection with the spectators and the universal participation of the latter in the tragic action. Also, it was shown that the balancing function of the dance of ancient tragedy lies in the formation of an inseparable relationship between the Apollonian and the Dionysian element, which compose the opposite aspects of the human existence. Finally, the healing effect of tragic dance seems not to have been limited to the spectators, but extended to those who actively participated in it.
Keywords: Dithyramb, Dance of Ancient Greek Drama, Katharsis, Therapy.

Disaster risk reduction is a new design in developing a framework for reducing risk by emphasizing efforts to empower individuals and communities in dealing with disasters. Disaster risk reduction is a proactive approach that aims to increase the capacity of individuals and communities in mitigation and preparedness to minimize the impact of disaster events so that people have the capacity to survive and recover from disasters in an effort to maintain sustainable livelihoods.In addition, disaster risk reduction is a comprehensive approach to reduce disaster risk, not only at the stage before the disaster occurs, but at every stage of the disaster. As stated in the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015, the expected outcome of this effort is a significant reduction in the level of loss/loss in terms of loss of life, social, economic and environmental assets in communities and countries caused by disasters. For further in-depth and detailed efforts on DRR efforts with the convening of the Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction 2015-2030 in Sendai Japan with the expected results of up to 15 years of significant reduction in risks and losses due to disasters.
The research method used by researchers is qualitative research. At the end of the current decade, it is in great demand by researchers. which contains an explanation of the processes that occur in the local environment. While the research approach uses a descriptive approach.
From the results of research on supporting factors in the Implementation of the Policy for Disaster Risk Reduction at Mount Kelud Eruption in East Java in 2014. It is known that the management of the Mount Kelud eruption disaster provides valuable lessons, because so many elements are involved and many problems arise as a result of disasters, so success in implementation Policy is very much determined by several conditions that must be prepared and deployed as much as possible.
Keywords: implementation, disaster risk, eruption, Mount Kelud

The purpose of this research explains the effect of online shopping (online shop) on customer loyalty was determined by brand image, customer satisfaction and product quality. The type which is used in the sampling method of this study was determined based on the Slovin formula. The questionnaire served as a research tool. Data analysis techniques used questionnaire analysis were tested for validity and reliability to determine the accuracy and persistence of the questionnaire. In addition, the data collected from the questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS analysis technique. As a result, it had a positive and significant effect on brand image, customer satisfaction and product quality on customer loyalty also customer loyalty had a positive effect on brand image, customer satisfaction had a positive and significant impact on (customers). satisfaction and quality were the variables that most influence loyalty.
Keywords: Brand Image, Customer Satisfaction, Service Quality, Customer Loyalty

The purpose of this study is to find out the factors causing the occurrence of fraud crimes with supernatural treatment modes, to find out how to overcome fraud with supernatural treatment modes and to see islamic law views on the crime of fraud with supernatural treatment modes. It is the term that will be used in this study as normative juridical and empirical juridical. The results showed that the factors causing fraud crimes with supernatural treatment modes are lifestyle, economy, environment, socio-culture, education, ease of committing fraud crimes, desires, society and family from some of these factors, these factors economic factors are quite dominant causing perpetrators to commit crimes. Efforts to overcome fraud with supernatural treatment mode are penal efforts by cracking down by providing imprisonment for 1 (one) year 3 (three) months and countermeasures through non-penal by means of pre-emtive efforts, preventive efforts and pre-emtive efforts. The suggestions in this study are as follows, among others: 1) Conducting legal counseling to the community. (2) The public should always be aware of all forms and forms of treatment commonly carried out by psychics and law enforcement officials in order to provide an appeal to all members of the community. In Islamic law, it can be seen that perpetrators of fraud crimes in supernatural mode can be subject to ta'zir punishment in the form of imprisonment, volume, exile, reprimand, warning, murder and other sanctions according to the circumstances, time and place of the perpetrator.
Keywords: Criminologist; Supranatural; Perspective Law

The current research tries to investigate the influence of Coved 19 on the students' achievements and progression of Arab Bedouin students living in the southern district of Israel. The population of research consists of nine teachers and nine students from different Bedouin schools. The participants varied in age and schooling levels. The research instrument was an interview. The findings of this research show that both teachers and students face different kinds of difficulties in distance learning. Some teachers did not get any qualifications before teaching on zoom, others do not have any knowledge about technology, synchronic, and asynchronic teaching. In addition, they are in favor of face-to-face teaching. Whereas some students have different kinds of problems such as lacking poor infrastructure and very weak internet signals. Others did not have enough computers at home. These factors hinder the student's academic achievement and progression.
Keywords: Coved 19, Distance-learning, Social-presence, Bedouin sector

Lots going on dispute land in the development process road toll across Sumatra, one of them related gift change loss. Problems in the field that occur is gift change loss that doesn't appropriate because exists dispute ownership right on ground. The legal basis for land disputes is regulated in Law no. 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, supreme court rule No. 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts and Regulation of the Head of the National Land Agency Number 3 of 2011 concerning Management of the Study and Handling of Land Cases which has been replaced by Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/ Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2016 concerning Settlement of Land Cases . Problems in study this is how settlement dispute right on land through mediation and what factor inhibitor settlement dispute through mediation related development road toll across Sumatra. Study this use approach juridical normative and approach juridical empirical with method learn materials bibliography and interviews. The results of the research show that the parties choose mediation for finish dispute on change make a loss related development road toll across Sumatra. As alternative f e solution dispute, mediation that is done gives the result of a win-win solution decision, where both parties do not feel disadvantaged. Factor inhibitor in settlement dispute through mediation has two factors, namely internal factors in terms of data collection carried out by the Village Government regarding land in the Village area is not optimal. While external factors, namely the parties often do not follow existing procedures, defend each other's claims without clear evidence, low public awareness and understanding regarding land disputes. Author 's suggestion could give is needed mechanism in settlement dispute through mediation and necessary exists socialization for society knowing how settlement dispute through mediation.
Keywords: Dispute Land Right, Mediation, Toll Road Construction.

One of the objectives of the establishment of Law no. 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles is to lay the foundations to provide legal certainty and protection regarding land rights for all Indonesian people, in order to realize this, land registration is carried out. In social life, land problems in Indonesia are still very much related to unregistered or uncertified lands, people only have a Land Certificate issued by the Kelurahan/Village Head and this happens a lot in rural areas. This research was conducted with the following objectives: First, to describe the strength of the Land Certificate as proof of ownership of a plot of land, Second, whether the Land Certificate must be supported by other evidence in its proof. The research was conducted normatively and the data needed was secondary data. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of the study show: First, the power of LAND CERTIFICATE based on the applicable laws and regulations is one of the written evidence that can be used as evidence of the right to issue a certificate. Second, the Land Certificate must be supported by other evidence in its proof, such as proof of land ownership, proof of payment of land and building taxes or working permits if the land parcel is agricultural land.
Keywords: land certificate; proof of land ownership; in Indonesia

Indonesia as a developed country in various development sectors and Timor-Leste as a newly independent country which is still lacking in various development sectors, but seen from the aspect of relations between citizens who are very friendly because of blood relations, traditional houses and culture, therefore the second political policy countries, do not look at the national development process but look at how to run harmonious relations in the future. The theoretical basic in this research are: theory of implementation of public policy, theory of government, theory of society, theory of public service. The research method is descriptive qualitative, where the research is: the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry Interior of Timor-Leste. Data collection techniques are: interviews and documentation, Data Analysis Techniques using the analysis of Ian Dey (1993).
The results show that: the political policy strategy of the Indonesian government and the Timor-Leste government for the formulation of a visa-free policy for citizens, politically as the implementation of the foreign policy of the two countries that the government has the obligation and power to carry out cooperative relations as an alternative to meet the needs and interests of the community and the government, because looking at the history of Timor-Leste as a country that once joined Indonesia, the relations between the people of Timor and Indonesia are very close and friendly, and cannot be separated politically and legally, because they have blood ties, traditional houses, and cultures since their ancestors until now.
Conclusion: In the process of implementing the visa-free policy of the government of Indonesia and the government of Timor-Leste, it shows that there are good benefits such as increasing the number of Indonesian people visiting Timor-Leste, being able to reduce public visits through short trips and improving harmonious relations between communities.
Keywords: Implementation, Government Political Policy, Free Visa and society.

Current learning tends to achieve curriculum material targets, more concerned with memorizing concepts rather than understanding. Students sometimes feel saturated and bored with the current learning patterns. With interactive learning media, it can make it easier for teachers and students in the learning process. The purpose of this study is to develop a learning medium "Case Elasticity" using the H5P program on material mechanical properties of materials for students of class X SMK which is valid and very practical to use in physics learning. The type of research used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development method. The learning strategy used for the development of this media is case-based learning. The data analysis technique is to calculate the validation assessment using the validity index of the formula V Aiken of 0.93. In addition, learning media is also stated to be very practical with an average practicality value index of 86.25%.
Keywords: learning media, H5P, Elasticity