Locus of Control refers to how controlled aperson feels towards any event that happens in his/ her life. Individual‟s perception about the underlying main causes of events in life. The “locus of control” is a personality construct referring to an individual's perception of the locus of events as determined internally by his/her belief that an outcome is directly the result of his/her behaviour, Giora Kaplan (2005).
Strong belief that they themselves have control over their own actions as opposed to external forces has been emerged. Hence based on the above mentioned view, the current study was undertaken to investigate the locus of control in sports persons training for athletics and taekwondo events.
Keywords:Sports Training, Taekwondo, Locus of control, Athletics.

Education has often acted as a social microcosm that reflects the growing levels of religious and cultural diversity, with educators facing the daily task of responding pedagogically and interculturally to the challenges this evolving context brings. In order to assure high quality education in developing countries, curriculum development efforts are often initiated as part of international cooperation projects. Culture affects the educational context of the countries involved as well as the ways in which curriculum developers from different countries are used to working and behaving. Therefore, the influences of culture on curriculum development cannot be neglected. This article aims to analyze several significant benefits when teachers incorporate cultural relevance in curriculum development, and establish a foundation in the sociology of curriculum. The benefits are as follows: (1) promote students‘ cultural identity and self-esteem; (2) promote students‘ engagement and motivation in learning; (3) critical thinking and perspective-taking; (4) reducing students‘ stereo types and prejudice; (5) creates a meaningful connection between students‘ experiences and their education; (6) preparation for a diverse society.
Keywords: culture, cultural relevance, curriculum, sociology of curriculum

The present study examines the nonverbal skills utilized by teachers during English language teaching and learning. It has been noticed that there are certain non-verbal strategies that the teacher needs to avoid lest they should stifle and hamper English language learning comprehension. It can also be noted that there are other nonverbal clues that teachers rarely use in the class, yet they are of a paramount importance for strengthening learner‟s comprehension.
To gather the necessary data, a questionnaire was administered to learners in the 7^th and 8^th classes. The findings revealed that teachers influence learner‟s motivation and participation by the way they handle nonverbal cues such as body movements, facial expressions, attitudes, reactions, etc.
Keywords: Non-verbal communication, effective teaching and learning, Goma secondary schools, and English.

Sacco Societies have consistently employed various financial models to evaluate their financial performance. Nevertheless, recent research has highlighted a growing number of Sacco Societies facing financial challenges, which have hindered their overall performance. However, Sacco Societies have not adequately identified the whether firm size have moderating effect on financial distress and financial performance. The main objective of this study therefore, was to examine the moderating effect of firm size on the relationship between distress factors and financial performance of deposit taking Saccos in Kenya. This study was firmly grounded on Economies of scale theory. It employed a correlation research design where a census study was conducted on all deposit taking Sacco Societies registered with the Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority (SASRA). A data extraction sheet was used to collect panel data for all deposit taking Sacco Societies in Kenya for the period between 2018 and 2022. The study collect data from Audited Financial Report achieve validity and reliability of the data. Descriptive analysis and inferential analysis such as regression analysis and model specification tests was used to analyze data with the help of STATA software version 15. Five hypotheses were tested using the correlation and multivariate panel regression techniques. The study found that firm size had statistically significant moderating effect on this relationship between financial distress factors and financial performance of deposit taking SACCOs (β₆ =-1.170, P=0.00<0.05). The study concluded that firm size had moderating effect the relationship between financial distress and financial performance. The study recommended SACCOs to grow their firms so as to mitigate the effect of financial distress resulting to sustainable financial performance.
Keywords: culture, cultural relevance, curriculum, sociology of curriculum

This research focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of a humanistic-based constructivist learning model that integrates ICT for Arabic language learning. The methods used include a mixed approach with quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. The research population consisted of students and teachers involved in Arabic language courses, with a purposive sample of 25 students and 1 teacher. Research instruments include questionnaires and semi-structured interview guidelines. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis techniques. The results showed that the learning model positively influenced students' motivation, participation, and understanding. Most students reported feeling more motivated and actively participating in class due to the integration of technology such as videos and apps. Additionally, interactions with peers and teachers during the learning process were found to enhance their comprehension of the material. However, some students remained neutral or expressed minor dissatisfaction, highlighting areas for further improvement. Key findings indicate that while the learning model effectively engages students and enhances their learning experience, challenges such as varying levels of technological competence and access to resources persist. Proposed solutions include continuous professional development for teachers, improved access to technological tools, and the creation of more engaging and interactive learning materials. The main conclusion is that a well-supported and contextually adapted learning model can significantly improve the quality of Arabic language education. This research provides valuable insights and practical recommendations for educators and policymakers to overcome barriers and enhance the integration of technology in Arabic language learning.
Keywords: Humanistic; Arabic Language; Technology

The aim of this research is to explore the contribution of Pertamina Patra Niaga Aviation Fuel Terminal BIL in preventing stunting in communities around the company. In this research, a qualitative research method was used with a case study approach in Mantung Hamlet, Penujak Village, Central Lombok. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation and documentation studies. Secondary data involves taking documents related to the research topic and then analyzing them using triangulation techniques. The research results show that companies, as development actors, play a role in handling social problems such as stunting. Pertamina Patra Niaga Aviation Fuel Terminal BIL has contributed through various activities in Mantung Hamlet, Penujak Village, West Praya, Central Lombok. They identify the causes of stunting and carry out interventions through Posyandu, including providing additional food, socialization and MPASI training, as well as MPASI menu creation competitions. As a result, the stunting rate fell 67% from 238 to 142 children under five, posyandu visits increased 45%, and participation of pregnant women in health checks rose to 68%. Cadre capacity is also increased through outreach and provision regarding stunting prevention and processing nutritious food.
Keywords: Stunting, Community, Corporate Social Responsib