This research aims to explore the model of strategies for improving the performance of educational staff in supporting the educational process at the Vocational Faculty of Shipping, Hang Tuah University Surabaya. The quantity and quality of performance are among the aspects that illustrate how educational staff performance is carried out. The quality and quantity of the performance of educational staff have been running well. The services provided by the educational staff are carried out to the fullest extent. As for the quality of the performance of educational staff, it is already good because the work culture of some staff members comes from the Navy, which already has good discipline. The role of leadership greatly supports performance improvement. Therefore, new breakthroughs in strategy are needed to achieve good performance by providing training for staff and also offering scholarships to continue to higher education. From there, the researcher's findings for the Strategy Model that provides the best performance indicate that a transformational leader is needed who can provide opportunities for educational staff to develop and perform well.
Keywords: Strategy, Performance, Educational Staff

fostering the sustainable economic development of cooperatives in the Marrakech-Safi region of Morocco. Existing literature highlights the significance of digital transformation in enhancing the competitiveness and resilience of cooperatives, despite challenges associated with their democratic and community-based structures. Empirical evidence suggests that digital technologies, including open innovation and information and communication technologies (ICTs), contribute to improved operational efficiency, transparency, and member engagement.
Using a multilevel econometric approach, this study analyzes data from 85 cooperatives in the region. The findings reveal that technological investments, member training, access to digital infrastructure, and supportive public policies have a significant and positive impact on cooperative economic performance. However, older cooperatives demonstrate a lower propensity to adopt new technologies, underscoring the need for targeted policies and training programs to foster digital innovation within these structures.
This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the intersection of technology and cooperative development by providing empirical insights into the key determinants of digital adoption. The results emphasize the importance of integrating technological investments with capacity-building initiatives and supportive public policies to ensure the long-term sustainability of cooperatives in emerging economies.
Keywords: Innovation, Technology, Cooperatives, Sustainable Development, Multilevel Econometrics, Digital Transformation, Marrakech-Safi.

This study critically examines the implementation of a project-based learning (PBL) module focusing on wedding-theme bedding design within fashion education. Grounded in social constructivist theory, PBL promotes collaborative, contextualised and experiential learning, reflecting Vygotsky’s concept of the Zone of Proximal Development. Despite the theoretical advantages of PBL in fashion education, there is limited empirical research on culturally specific thematic modules such as wedding-theme bedding design. This research addresses this gap by exploring lecturer and students’ perceptions of the module’s application in teaching and learning experiences.Utilising purposive sampling, data was collected from one lecturer and nine students who directly participated in the module through face-to-face interviews. A thematic analysis revealed significant enhancements in student engagement, cultural appreciation, teamwork, critical thinking, professional competencyand creativity. Students reported increased motivation and deeper engagement due to culturally relevant thematic integration and hands-on industry-aligned activities.The findings underscore substantial implications for fashion education, advocating for instructional designs that blend structured support with learner autonomy, fostering inclusive participation. However, limitations include the small participant sample size, which restricts generalisability and potential biases inherent in qualitative data collection.Future research should expand participant diversity and incorporate comparative and longitudinal analyses to validate findings quantitatively and enhance their generalisability. This study ultimately highlights the critical role of culturally contextualised, socially constructed pedagogies in fashion education, offering educators insights into improving teaching strategies to effectively align educational experiences with professional industry standards.
Keywords: Project-based learning; Fashion education; Wedding-theme bedding design module; Higher education

Throughout the history of Vietnamese poetry, Six-eight poetry (also called Six-eight) can be regarded as a symbol of the linguistic quintessence of Vietnam, embodying the soul and spirit of the Vietnamese people. Having witnessed the fluctuations of national literature over thousands of years, six-eight poetry has affirmed its absolute position in the hearts of the public. However, given the profound societal changes today, can poetic language in general and Six-eight poetic language in particular maintain their purity and simplicity as they inherently possess? This concern is what the authors wish to share so that we may collectively foster awareness and responsibility in preserving and developing the Six-eight poetic language and form—a poetry of Vietnamese soul and emotions—to endure alongside the nation.
Keywords: Six-eight (six-eight), language, value, preservation, quintessence

This paper explores the evolution of libraries from traditional spaces focused on reading and borrowing books to multifunctional cultural hubs that support a wide range of activities and experiences. As society rapidly changes with digitalization, the rise of non-face-to-face communication, and the increasing demand for multifunctional spaces, libraries are undergoing a transformation in their spatial configuration. The shift is characterized by the development of open and flexible layouts that cater to diverse user needs, such as collaboration areas, makerspaces, and family zones. These new spaces aim to create a user-centered environment, promoting interaction, creativity, and learning. This study identifies three key elements driving the transformation of library spaces. First, open and flexible space designs are central to enabling natural movement and interaction, making libraries more adaptable to diverse activities. Second, the introduction of makerspaces allows libraries to foster creativity and innovation, providing users with environments to engage in hands-on projects. Lastly, the expansion of multifunctional cultural spaces demonstrates libraries' growing role as community hubs that support not only learning but also cultural events and workshops. This evolution is further exemplified by models such as the Larchiveum and GLAM, which integrate libraries with galleries, archives, and museums to offer a holistic cultural experience. The study highlights the need for continuous spatial innovation in libraries to meet modern demands. Incorporating technology, such as digital libraries and online learning spaces, and creating barrier-free, accessible environments are essential to strengthen libraries' educational, cultural, and social roles. Libraries must continue to evolve into dynamic spaces that serve as centers for communication, creativity, and community engagement, ensuring their relevance in the future.
Keywords: spatial configuration, openness, makerspace, multifunctional culturalspace, characteristics, future library

Taking 100 students in the last grade of logistics management major in Guizhou Light Industry Technical College as a sample, this study aims to investigate the current status of their employment competency and construct a guide to improve it. Data were collected through literature analysis, questionnaires and structured interviews, and statistically analyzed using percentages, means and standard deviations. It was found that students were at a high level in the four dimensions of employment competence: professional knowledge, comprehensive literacy, work practice skills and professional identity, with professional knowledge scoring the highest and work practice skills scoring the lowest. Based on this, suggestions are made to improve each of the four dimensions, including strengthening the combination of theory and practice, providing diversified learning opportunities, driving practice with real-life scenarios, and integrating education on professional values. This study provides a reference for improving the employment competence of students in this major, but there are limitations in data collection and research design, and future research can expand the sample scope, optimize the research tools, and construct a more industry-adaptable evaluation system.
Keywords: Logistics Management Program; Employment Competency; guidelines

The foreign policy of the Donald J. Trump administration in the Middle East shows U.S. foreign policy in a rather negative light. With inconsistencies, fragmentation, and contradictions, he was unable to implement a positive change on the Israel-Palestine track, contain Iran‘s aggressive behaviors, or maintain the American diplomatic tradition which previously allowed the U.S. to gainwell-grounded political, economic, military, and diplomatic leverages in the region. Under the Trump administration, America‘s vital interests were in a precarious position at best which allowed Iran, Russia, and China to pose a serious challenge to American hegemony. Although its influence has been weakened as a dominant power, the U.S. remains the most influential power in the Middle East. However, due to President Trump‘s lack of major foreign policy expertise or knowledge of the region, his policies mostly failed due to a disorganizedor a clear strategy and unpredictability which made the situation in the Middle East dangerously chaotic and counter-productive to American strategic interests.
Keywords: United States, Middle East, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Palestine, Syria, Israel, Donald Trump, right-wing, Islamophobic

This study investigates the impact of language performance courses—daily conversation exercises, pronunciation correction, and word formation training—on interpersonal communication skills in 4 to 6-year-old children. Using quantitative methods, data were collected from 60 children divided into experimental and control groups. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA, Tukey’s post-hoc test, and regression analysis, revealed significant improvements in communication abilities compared to standard education (p < 0.001). Daily conversation exercises showed the most substantial impact, outperforming word formation and pronunciation training. The findings support the hypotheses that structured language practice enhances children’s speaking, social, and emotional skills. The study highlights the importance of integrating conversation-based strategies with word and pronunciation training in early education. It offers practical insights for educators, parents, and policymakers on implementing effective language interventions. Future research should explore the long-term effects of combined language instruction methods on communication development.
Keywords: Children's language ability, Interpersonal Communi, 4 to 6-year-old children, pronunciation correction

Organ transplantation is worldwide celebrated as a triumphant medical technology. Although it is acclaimed for its life-saving capability, it is at the same time criticized for creating a global illicit organ market. This study depicts the case of Kalai- a sub-district of Bangladesh that has been branded as ‘Kidney Kalai’ for its infamous reputation as an ‘organ hub’ and how this illegal trade is affecting the organ sellers’ lives. A qualitative approach has been adopted to get an in-depth picture of the real setting by incorporating the following theories of Criminology- Social Learning (Bandura), Strain (Merton), Rational Choice (Becker), and Social Disorganization (Shaw & Mckay) along with Asset Vulnerability Framework (Moser) and Capabilities Approach (Sen). It is found that the dadon (an informal credit system with usurious interest rates) compels people to sell organs; only the poor and helpless people do not sell organs, some people make ‘rational decisions’ and do so; traditional social structure in Kalai is rupturing while the organ trade has reinforced the stern grip of patriarchy; ‘organ-money’ does not ensure a reduction in vulnerabilities, rather most of the organ sellers are on the verge of falling into an intergenerational trap of poverty, vulnerability and indebtedness.
Keywords: Transplantation, Organ trade, Microcredit, Dadon, Vulnerability, Capability.