The present article aims at presenting the usability analysis of the LeVAnDa system, an internet application which supports the indexing of audio-visual information accessed on YouTube through the LeVAnDa system. LeVAnDa has been developed as a response to and a supportive tool to cater for Physical Education Teachers and Coaches‟ specific educational needs. In particular, it focuses on facilitating their activities related to their next teaching unit delivery preparation, introducing and enriching their cognitive scope with updated knowledge as well as upgrading their educational material diffusion over to their students. These objectives are enhanced through the description of key-video snippetsattracting the user‟s individual interest, as well as through organizing and archiving the available audio-visual material into snippets. In order to retrieve useful and reliable results, a usability survey was conducted on the basis of quantitative questionnaire five-Likert scale dispatched to a good number (210) of individual Physical Education Teachers and Coaches. Upon the research conclusion there has been evidenced supporting the questions related to a) the speed of familiarizing oneself with the LeVAnDa application, b) its usefulness, c) its functionality as well as d) the speed of organizing the audio-visual material, accounted for the end users‟ highest satisfaction rates and the acknowledged innovation of the system, as a result of the respondents‟ obviously declared willingness to integrate the LeVAnDa system into their daily vocational routine.
Keywords: LeVAnDa, YouTube, video indexing, video annotation, educational tool for sports

This paper examines Nigeria‟s manufacturing sector performance, it‟s challenges and prospects with the aim of providing a clearer insight into the current state of the sector. This study employed descriptive analysis approach and gathers data largely from secondary sources. The findings show that manufacturing sector‟s performance in Nigeria is unsatisfactory. The current manufacturing sector‟s performance is low compared to the performance levels obtained in the 1970s. One of the notable features of Nigeria‟s manufacturing sector is that it is highly import-dependent. Hence, the cost of production, size of output, competitiveness of the product and the returns to investments is strongly tight to foreign exchange availability and foreign exchange rate in the country. The challenges which had impeded the performance of manufacturing sector identified in the study include inadequate foreign exchange and high exchange rate, infrastructural deficit, inadequate access to credit, high interest rate and inflation rate, multiple taxes and levies, insufficient demand and institutional inefficiency. It is recommended that the monetary policy of the country should be fine tuned to ensure relative stable foreign exchange rate, low interest rate and single digit inflation rate; agricultural resources of the country should be fully exploited and utilized to ensure high agricultural output for export and provision of raw material to agro-based industries which produce for export to generate substantial foreign exchange for use in the manufacturing sector, Iron and Steel production firms established by the government, especially Ajaokuta Iron and Steel Plants, should be revitalized to provide industrial base for the country by producing the spare parts, tools, machinery and equipment for other manufacturing firms in the country. The government should provide adequate and reliable electricity supply to reduce manufacturing sector reliance on private production of electricity and, a good road network and functional railway services to aid movement of raw materials and finished products of manufacturing firms in the country.
Keywords: Manufacturing sector, Manufacturing sector performance, economic development

This study was designed to examine the concepts of nature of science (NOS) that elementary grade students bring into the science classroom. A group of 301 boys and girls from elementary schools in United Arab Emirates were sampled. This study investigated two questions related to students conceptions of nature of science: (1) What conceptions of NOS do young students hold?, and (2) What is the relationship between students‟ conceptions of the nature of science and their gender?. Student‟s conceptions of NOS were measured with the Nature of Science Questionnaire (NOSQ), a newly developed and piloted instrument. Findings showed that the majority of students in this study held uninformed conceptions about most of the NOS aspects. According to the results, there was a significant difference between female and male students‟ conceptions about scientific theory, tentativeness of scientific knowledge, and the influence of social and cultural values on scientific knowledge. These findings suggest that today‟s young students bring to the classroom understandings of the NOS that may serve as the foundation for more effective science education.
Keywords: Nature of Science, Students perceptions, STEM, Science values and cultural values

This paper provides an empirical study of the relative performance of small scale food industries in Northern Corridor in the state of Kedah, Malaysia. The objective of this study is to identify and measure the performance of small scale food industry under the supervision of Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA). This kind of management practised is intended solely to improve the income of the entrepreneurs through increasing the efficiency and thus exposed their products to export market. A total of 45 producers were investigated and as visualised, their performance showed some kinds of variations. Questionnaires were sent to 600 randomly selected respondents via postal service . There are 120 (20% response rate) of the questionnaires were returned, completed and useable. The analysis methods in this research were based on multiple regression study. The finding of this study found a significant relationship between two transformational leadership style namely inspire followers to go beyond their own self-interest and giving employee empowerment with the teamwork performance.
Keywords: SME Performance, efficiency, entrepreneurs, food industries

Travelers are increasingly using the Internet to search for hotel information and to book their accommodations. With customers doing their own research and disrupting the travel-agency model, it is crucial for the hospitality industry to understand the factors influencing customer decisions and intentions when booking accommodations online. This study investigates these factors in a sample of 400 Thai travelers visiting Bangkok. The results revealed that price, payment method and simplicity of booking procedure factors were the most significant factors. The findings also revealed that age range was statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Keywords: factors, decision, booking, hotel accommodation, online.

Objective: To verify the effectiveness of vaccination coverage against human papillomavirus in girls and its association with socioeconomic indicators.
Methods: Quantitative study in the municipalities of Minas Gerais, based on the variables available through the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (Data-SUS) and the Social Responsibility Index of Minas Gerais: vaccination coverage rate, mortality rate on cervical cancer, the proportion of the population assisted by the Family Health Program, municipal health expenditures, the existence of active health councils, income and the index of the general quality of education.
Results: The average rate of vaccination coverage between 2014 and 2015, as well as the general average of municipalities did not reach the coverage rate of 80% of the target public, proposed by the Ministry of Health, with discrepancies between vaccination coverage among municipalities. Only the general quality index of education showed a significant association.
Conclusion: Developing government strategies for the implementation of vaccination campaigns against human papillomavirus is necessary, to raise awareness of the population on the importance of prevention, followed by educational actions, prioritizing clear information for the target population and those responsible. Whereas the general quality of education index was significantly associated with vaccination coverage rate, this should be prioritized as a factor that influences the population's ability to access services for health promotion and prevention.
Keywords: Papillomaviridae, prevention, health promotion, vaccination.

More and more hotels nowadays have embedded green practices in their supply chain management, either due to environmental government regulations or pressure from stakeholder groups. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the views of hotel staff in order to determine whether they are implementing green supply chain management strategies, which practices they apply and what their advantages are. In the quantitative survey, a questionnaire was distributed to 62 hotels in Northern Greece. The results showed that most hotels have put in place strategies for green management of the supply chain that are being properly implemented, especially low energy light bulbs, with the administration emphasizing the benefits of green supply chain management. These practices are mainly driven by lobbying and are related to customer satisfaction and demand. However, the adoption of green logistics management practices is not very much related to corporate social responsibility.
Keywords: supply chain, green practices, hotels

This paper explores and examines Hudud punishments in Islamic penal system, and is specifically purposed to analyse the proposed actualisation of the Hudud law in the two Malay-Muslim dominated states of Kelantan and Terengganu in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. This paper is legal normative with descriptive-qualitative approach on both primary and secondary resources in order to obtain a judicial view of the subject matter by employing legal-theoretical and comparative analysis. In Malaysia, the Syariah Criminal Enactment (II) 1993 of Kelantan and the Syariah Criminal Enactment 2003 of Terengganu (as proposed by PAS) allow the application of Hudud laws into the above mentioned states. However, the enforcement of the above in both these states have been suspended indefinitely as UMNO claims these laws are inconsistent with the Federal Constitution - the supreme law of the Federation. This is because the enactment of penal laws are within the jurisdiction of the federal authority and not the state. Furthermore, the criminal jurisdiction of the Syariah Court has been restricted by the Syariah Courts (Criminal Jurisdiction) Act 1965, a federal law. The arguments in relation to the implementation of Hudud laws in Malaysia is an ongoing political-dispute between PAS and UMNO even to the present moment. Upon examining the facts related, this paper arrives at a point where it confirms the unsuitability on the actualization of the Hudud law presently not only in Kelantan and Terengganu but in contemporary Malaysia as a whole.
Keywords: Hudud, Islam, Criminal Law, Punishment, Syariah, Society, Federal Constitution, Federation.

In this paper, the results of the study, which aim was evaluation of the relative importance of the nonverbal eight categories (proximity, eye contact, gestures, posture, mobility, facial expression, touch, and voice) in the effective communication during conversation. The study involved 263 students (131 female and 132 male students of the Humanistic Institute at the Wałbrzych Higher Vocational College and Physical Education Faculty at the Paweł Wołodkowic University College in Płock. Point-Allocation Question (PAQ) technique designed by Parasuraman, Berry, and Zeithmal (1991) was used in this study. An analysis of the obtained results showed that eye contact and facial expression proved to be the most important types of the nonverbal communication for all examined students. Proximity, voice, posture, gesture, and mobility took 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 place in the ranking of the relative importance. The least important type of nonverbal communication was touch for all students. PAQ technique proved to be very useful in the evaluation of relative importance of the nonverbal communication by the examined students.
Keywords: nonverbal communication, relative importance, nonverbal communication categories, PAQ technique.

Guided scientific inquiry investigations are designed to have students reach particular answers through the thinking processes and activities of scientists. This paper investigates the impact the science-inquiry teaching approach and evaluates its effectiveness on the students‘ achievement and engagement level over four months and a half. Subjects were 52 girls from a UAE public school following the science reform. The sample is divided in two: the first group sample n=26, was the experimental group receiving science inquiry-based instruction, while the controlled group (n=26) followed non-inquiry-based instruction(traditional strategy).The dependent variables were the students‘ achievement and engagement which were measured through the mixed-method approach: 1) quantitative data was collected using a pre- and a post-test to assess the students ‗science achievement. 2) Qualitative data was noted using an observation tool designed for the study and entitled EIT 2013 to evaluate the students‘ engagement. The T-test revealed that the science-inquiry teaching approach produced significantly greater achievement among 6th grade students than the traditional teaching approach. Also, students in the experimental group developed positive attitudes toward science than did those in the controlled group.
Keywords: Science education; inquiry-based teaching; student achievement and engagement

The main idea of this social project comes from the need and the study of a community in vulnerable conditions. Although they have a complete network of public services, this is not the same regarding a consistent road infrastructure. This document mentions some aspects where the design of slope stability structures is critical. Through these studies, the community will have the technical tools, which is the basis for management and process before the corresponding entities, as well as the verification, acceptance and consequent construction of the designs made. The intervention points of the project are on selected routes of the Potosí Sector, Jerusalem locality of Ciudad Bolívar, where a visual diagnosis of roads, topography, georeferencing, in-situ tests, laboratory tests and subsequent tests were carried out.

This exploratory case study employed Appreciative Inquiry Framework in answering the following questions: 1) What are the expectations set by the following to the student homosexuals; a) Self, b) Parents and c) Teachers; 2. What are the positive and negative effects of these expectations to the student homosexuals? and 3) How do these expectations affect the process of identity development of the student homosexuals?. The participants are five college students who identified themselves as homosexual. Written consent was secured to ensure that the research abides to the ethical standards. The data was triangulated through analysing the point of view of the student participants, their parents and their teachers. Results revealed that expectations set by the student homosexuals, their parent and teachers are all contributory factors that affect the identity development of student homosexuals. Moreover, it was revealed that those who have problems in their identity development experienced difficulties in their performance in school. Positive and negative effects of expectations were also noted as the participants shared their stories. With the results, it was recommended that teachers must treat all their students equally regardless of their gender preferences in life. Activities that support the holistic personalities of students must be given emphasis. The parents must support their children in whatever endeavour they take and provide them guidance to be successful in their academic pursuits. Lastly, a model of counselling procedure for student homosexuals was proposed.
Keywords: Pygmalion Effect, Student Homosexuals, Identity Development

Background: Foreign practice tourism then nationals for lack of financial or culture, so it essential to analyze Congolese activities towards tourism.
Objective: This study describes the behavior of Congolese towards tourism, and studies Congolese expenditure for domestic and international tourism.
Materials and methods: From April 2014 to January 2015, the methodology of our study consists in six methods: historical, comparative, systemic, descriptive, inductive and analytical method. Moreover, for techniques, we used the free observation, the interview and the documentary technique.
Results: Congolese do indeed practice tourism but especially for the reasons of business, congress, official missions however the reasons for approval and leisure are few. This is the figure of 7% internally and at least 30% externally.
Conclusion: Congolese must be encouraged to practice internal tourism.
Keywords: Tourism, Practice, Congolese, International tourism, National tourism

This study was conducted to determine the role of teacher leadership in influencing teacher performance among generation Y teachers of MARA Junior Science College (MRSM), Malaysia. It was a cross sectional study using standardized questionnaires, the Teacher Leadership Self-Assessment, to measure the level of teacher leadership (Katzenmeyer & Moller, 2009) and The Framework for Teaching Evaluation Instrument 2013 Edition (Danielson, 2013) which measured the teacher performance. The respondents for this study were 350 generation Y teachers randomly selected from 54 MARA Junior Science Colleges throughout Malaysia. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for The Social Science (SPSS) version 23 for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and T-test. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied using Analysis of Moments Structures (AMOS) version 21 to analyze the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and the causal effect between the variables. The findings showed that there is a significant effect of teacher leadership on teacher performance among generation Y teachers in MRSM. The strong significant effect showed that the values of teacher leadership would influence the teacher performance. Thus, leadership values should be inculcated and practiced among the teachers in order to increase their performance.
Keywords: Teacher leadership, teacher performance, distributive leadership, generation Y